Best Interview Questions and Answers on AWS EC2

Explore the best interview questions and answers on AWS EC2 to prepare effectively and master key concepts for your next job opportunity.

 

1. What is AWS EC2?

Answer: AWS EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It allows users to launch and manage virtual servers, known as EC2 instances, in the AWS cloud environment.

 

2. What is an EC2 instance?

Answer: An EC2 instance is a virtual server in the AWS cloud that provides computing resources, such as CPU, memory, storage, and networking. EC2 instances are launched from Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) and can be customized based on specific requirements.

 

3. What is an AMI?

Answer: An AMI (Amazon Machine Image) is a template that contains the software configuration (operating system, application server, applications, and related configurations) required to launch an EC2 instance. It serves as the foundation for creating EC2 instances.

 

4. How do you launch an EC2 instance?

Answer: To launch an EC2 instance:

Sign in to the AWS Management Console.

Navigate to the EC2 dashboard.

Click on the “Launch Instance” button.

Choose an AMI, select an instance type, configure instance details, add storage, configure security groups, and review the instance launch settings.

Click on “Launch” to launch the EC2 instance.

 

5. What is an instance type in EC2?

Answer: An instance type in EC2 defines the hardware specifications of the virtual server, including CPU, memory, storage, and networking capacity. Each instance type is optimized for specific use cases and workloads, such as general-purpose computing, memory-intensive applications, or compute-optimized tasks.

 

6. What is the difference between on-demand and spot instances in EC2?

Answer: Ondemand instances: Ondemand instances allow you to pay for compute capacity by the hour or second, with no long-term commitments or upfront payments. They are suitable for applications with unpredictable workloads or short-term computing needs.

Spot instances: Spot instances allow you to bid for unused EC2 capacity at a lower price compared to on-demand instances. However, they can be interrupted with a two-minute notification when AWS needs the capacity back. Spot instances are suitable for fault-tolerant and flexible workloads.

 

7. How do you connect to an EC2 instance?

Answer: You can connect to an EC2 instance using SSH (for Linux instances) or Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) (for Windows instances). You need the private key (for SSH) or the password (for RDP) associated with the instance to establish a connection.

 

8. What is an Elastic IP address, and why is it used in EC2?

Answer: An Elastic IP address (EIP) is a static IPv4 address designed for dynamic cloud computing. It is associated with your AWS account and can be dynamically allocated to EC2 instances. EIPs are typically used to provide a static IP address to instances that need to be publicly accessible and to preserve the IP address when instances are stopped and restarted.

 

9. What is an EC2 security group?

Answer: An EC2 security group acts as a virtual firewall that controls inbound and outbound traffic to and from an EC2 instance. It allows you to define rules that specify which traffic is allowed or denied based on protocols, ports, and IP addresses.

 

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10. Can you change the instance type of a running EC2 instance?

Answer: No, you cannot change the instance type of a running EC2 instance. However, you can stop the instance, change its instance type, and then start it again.

 

11. What is Amazon EBS?

Answer: Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store) is a block storage service provided by AWS that allows you to create and attach persistent block storage volumes to EC2 instances. EBS volumes are highly available and durable, and they can be used as primary storage for EC2 instances or for data backups and data storage.

 

12. How do you take a snapshot of an EBS volume?

Answer: To take a snapshot of an EBS volume:

Navigate to the Amazon EC2 dashboard in the AWS Management Console.

Click on “Volumes” in the left navigation pane.

Select the EBS volume for which you want to take a snapshot.

Click on “Actions” > “Create Snapshot” and provide a name and description for the snapshot.

Click on “Create Snapshot” to create the snapshot.

 

13. What is an EC2 instance metadata service?

Answer: The EC2 instance metadata service provides temporary, instance-specific data that can be accessed from within an EC2 instance. It allows applications running on the instance to retrieve information about the instance, such as instance ID, public and private IP addresses, security group information, and user data.

 

14. What is user data in EC2?

Answer: User data in EC2 is a script or configuration data that you can provide to EC2 instances during launch. It allows you to customize the configuration of instances by running commands or scripts when the instance starts up. User data is typically used to perform tasks such as installing software, configuring services, and setting up applications.

 

15. What is an EC2 instance placement group?

Answer: An EC2 instance placement group is a logical grouping of EC2 instances within a single Availability Zone. It allows you to influence the placement of instances to meet specific requirements, such as low latency, high throughput, or dedicated hardware. Placement groups are used to ensure that instances are physically close together to minimize network latency and improve network performance.

 

16. What is the purpose of EC2 Auto Scaling?

Answer: EC2 Auto Scaling is a feature of AWS that automatically adjusts the number of EC2 instances in a fleet to maintain application availability and performance at a desired level. It allows you to scale out (add instances) or scale in (remove instances) based on predefined scaling policies and conditions.

 

17. What is AWS EC2 Dedicated Host, and when would you use it?

Answer: An AWS EC2 Dedicated Host is a physical server with EC2 instance capacity dedicated to a single AWS account. It allows you to run instances on dedicated hardware, providing visibility and control over the underlying physical server. Dedicated Hosts are used when you have regulatory or compliance requirements that mandate dedicated physical servers or when you need to use existing server-bound software licenses.

 

18. How do you monitor EC2 instances?

Answer: You can monitor EC2 instances using Amazon CloudWatch, which provides monitoring and logging services for AWS resources. CloudWatch allows you to collect and track metrics, set alarms, and monitor logs generated by EC2 instances. Additionally, you can enable detailed monitoring for EC2 instances to collect additional metrics at higher frequencies.

 

19. What is the difference between instance store volumes and EBS volumes?

Answer: Instance store volumes are ephemeral storage volumes that are physically attached to the host machine running the EC2 instance. They provide temporary block-level storage that is lost when the instance is stopped or terminated. In contrast, EBS volumes are network-attached storage volumes that persist independently of the EC2 instance. They provide durable and highly available block storage that can be detached

 

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Author:-

Abhijeet Dahatonde

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