INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ON CYBERSECURITY

1. Why are you looking for a new IT position? 

ANS: An interviewer asking this wants to understand what has prompted a change in your career. Are you looking for more responsibility? A chance to expand your skill set? Do you feel that you outgrew your old position? Are you looking for more pay and less travel? Well then, why do you deserve extra money and how are you more efficient working more from a central location? Explain your motivation for searching for a new job in a way that shows that you view this new position as a positive change for both you and the organization.

2. What are your greatest strengths and accomplishments?

 ANS: Take the opportunity to show how you helped your old company. Did you configure its latest firewalls that prevented breaches? Did you reroute the routers? Help with information access security? Do you work well with people and show your leadership skills? Talk regarding the types of technology you know well and how you made a positive impact in your last position. Explain the way  you develop solid relationships with your coworkers and how you all worked together on successful projects—and how you intend to do the same at this new company.

3. What are your greatest weaknesses? (Related: How did you overcome a problem?)

 ANS: Everyone create mistakes, and no one is good at everything. You must honestly assess what you can improve and how you plan to show that improvement in your new role. Dig into your past: You should have overseen the response to a breach or some other serious problem. It should not have been your mistake, but how you handled it shows your professionalism, problem-solving abilities. and perhaps even outside-of-the-box thinking. Show that you are willing to learn from mistakes, even if they’re not your own, and that you can handle a crisis. Explain the way  you took responsibility and stepped up to be a leader.

4. How do you visualize your first 90 days on the job? 

ANS: Your answer should encompass how you intend to meet with your team members to find out more about them and how you can work together. You must talk about how you will prioritize gaining an understanding of what your managers need from you and what all the stakeholders hope to achieve while also building strong rapport with your co-workers. You must ask what you can do to make an impact right away. Talk about how you intend to learn and get into the midst of business as soon as you can.

The Technical Questions

At some point, the interviewer will turn to more technical and cybersecurity-focused questions to determine how well you would do in the position. You need to display your cybersecurity knowledge and give examples from your work history of how you performed tasks and prevented or solved problems. Some of these area unit are fundamental definitions, while others need more thoughtful responses, but all should be part of your interview arsenal.

5. What is on your home network? 

ANS: Your home network is typically a test environment. How you work with it gives an indication of what you would do with someone else’s network.

6. What is the major difference between a threat, a vulnerability, and a risk? 

ANS: Answering this question calls for a deep understanding of cybersecurity and anyone working in the field should be able to give a strong response. You must expect a follow-up question asking which of the three to focus more on. easy way to put it: a threat is from someone targeting a vulnerability (or weakness) in the organization that was not mitigated or taken care of since it was not properly identified as a risk.

7. How do you go about securing a server? 

ANS: You might need to break this answer down into steps, especially if it refers to a specific type of server. Your answer can give a glimpse into your decision-making abilities and thought process. There are so many numbers of  ways to answer this question, just as there are different ways to secure a server. You should reference the concept of trust no one or the principle of least privilege. Let your strong points guide your response to this question and the others following it.

8. Why is DNS monitoring important? 

ANS: Some argue that this is not necessary and that saying otherwise indicates that there are weaknesses in the domain name services. Others say DNS monitoring is prudent due to  DNS queries are a data-exfiltration vector from networks that allow any host to communicate to the Internet on Port 53.

9. What port does ping work over? 

ANS: Watch out for this. Ping is a layer-3 protocol like IP; ports are an area unit of the layer-4 protocols TCP and UDP.

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10. What is the difference between encoding, encrypting, and hashing? 

ANS: This question must inspire a short conversation about encryption, which gives you the chance to explain your knowledge of it.

11. What is SSL?

ANS: SSL is a standard security technology for making an encrypted link between a server and a client (usually a web server and a web browser).

12. What are the separateness between HTTPS, SSL, and TLS?

ANS: HTTPS is hypertext transfer protocol and secures communications over a network. TLS is transport layer security and is a successor protocol to SSL. You have to demonstrate that you know the differences between the three and how network-related protocols are used to understand the inherent risks involved. 

13. What sorts of anomalies would you look for to determine a compromised system?

ANS: There are multiple ways to answer this, but again, you need to show your expertise and ingenuity. One possible answer is drawing out a basic network architecture with its IPS/IDS, firewalls, and other security technologies to describe the type of traffic and other signs of compromise.

14. If you had to both compress and encrypt data during a transmission, which would you do first?

 ANS: Compress and then encrypt, since encrypting first should make it hard to show compression having much of an effect.

15. How would you strengthen user authentication?

ANS: Whatever way you answer, mention two-factor authentication or non-repudiation and the way you would implement it.

16. How would you prevent against a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack?

ANS: Every cybersecurity professional should know this, even if it is difficult to answer. Come prepared with a thoughtful, concise idea for preventing against this JavaScript vulnerability.

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17. What are the separateness between cybersecurity in the cloud and on premises?

ANS: Show that you perceive the security risks inherent to both and which might be more appropriate for the company.

18. What does RDP stand for?

ANS: Remote desktop protocol, and its port number is 3389.

19. What is the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

ANS: Symmetric encryption uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt, while asymmetric encryption uses separate keys for encryption and decryption. Asymmetric encryption is commonly used to secure starting key-sharing conversation, but then the actual conversation is secured using symmetric cryptography. Communication using symmetric crypto is usually faster because of  the slightly simpler math involved in the encryption/decryption process and because the session setup doesn’t involve PKI certificate checking.”

(For more reading: What Is PKI and How Does It Bolster Your Cybersecurity Defenses?)

20. What is the difference between UDP and TCP?

ANS: Both are protocols for sending packets of information over the internet and are developed on top of the internet protocol. TCP full form transmission control protocol and is more commonly used. It numbers the packets it sends to guarantee that the recipient receives them. UDP stands for user datagram protocol. While it operates similarly to TCP, it does not use TCP’s error-checking abilities, which speeds up the process, but makes it less reliable.

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21. What is a traceroute?

ANS: A traceroute, or tracert, will help you see where a breakdown of communications occurred. It shows what routers you touch as you move along to your final destination. If there is somewhere you cannot connect, you will see where it happened.

(Check out Glassdoor for more examples of technical questions for cybersecurity analysts and cybersecurity engineers.) 

Wrapping Up

After going through his or her checklist of technical questions to gauge your knowledge and expertise, an interviewer will wrap up with a some final questions that give you a chance to make a lasting impression. 

22. What tech blogs do you follow?

ANS: Show that you stay current by telling the interviewer the way you get your cybersecurity news. These days, there are blogs for everything, but you should also have news sites, newsletters, and books that you can reference.

23. What do you do in your free time outside of cybersecurity? 

ANS: The interviewer is hoping to get a better sense of you as a person to determine whether you’re trustworthy, reliable, and of good character. He or she also wants to see if you would be a good culture fit and someone others will enjoy collaborating with. You don’t require to get too personal with the details, but you can talk about your hobbies, your family, the last vacation you took, or how often you like to work out, among other things. Show some personality here.

24. Where do you see yourself in five years?

ANS: Most people expect to advance in their cybersecurity careers in five years, which can mean a promotion or raise (or a few). Emphasize how you are looking to further your knowledge and skills—and how that will benefit the company. Tell the interviewer that you see yourself moving up to a more senior position and continuing to contribute to the organization in an effective way. Drive home the point that the investment made in you will be a good one.

25. Do you have any questions?

ANS: This is your chance to find out more about the company and position. Remember that an interview is a two-way street. You are interviewing them as much as they are interviewing you (even though it doesn’t always feel that way). Ask about the work environment and what the company expects of you. Find out more about the day-to-day responsibilities and whether there any special projects on the horizon. And see if you and the company are a good fit culture-wise.

Author:

Rajesh Manwar

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