Inheritance in Python –
OOP concepts Inheritance in python is implemented in which one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of a parent object. It is a significant part of OOP(Object Oriented programming system).
The idea behind inheritance in python is that you can create new classes that are built upon existing classes. When you inherit from an existing class, you can handle methods and fields of the parent class. Moreover, you can append new methods and fields in your existing class also.
Stints used in Inheritance:
o Class A class is a bunch of objects which have common parcels. It’s a template or design from which objects are created.
o Sub Class/ kid Class Subclass is a class which inherits the different class. It’s also called a derived class or kid class.
o Super Class/ Parent Class Superclass is the class from where a class inherits the features. It’s also called a base class or a parent class. o Reusability As the name specifies, reusability is a technique which facilitates you to recycle the fields and methods of the being class when you produce a new class. You can use the same fields and methods previously defined in the former class.
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Types of inheritance in python :
- Single
- Multilevel
- Hierarchical
- Multiple
- Hybrid
⮚ Single Inheritance :
If a class is derived from one base class(parent class),it is called single inheritance.
Super Class/Parent Class/base class
Sub Class/Child Class/derived class
Syntax :
class Superclass-name:
//methods and fields
class Subclass-name (Superclass-name ):
//methods and fields
In the lexicon of python, a class which is inherited is called a parent or superclass, and the new class is called kid or subclass.
⮚ Multilevel Inheritance :
The class inherits the feature of another derived class then that type of inheritance is called multilevel inheritance.
Super Class/Parent Class
Sub Class1/Child Class1
Sub Class2/Child Class2
Syntax :
class Superclass-name:
//methods and fields
class Subclass1-name (Superclass-name):
//methods and fields
class Subclass2-name (Subclass1-name ):
//methods and fields
⮚ Hierarchical Inheritance :
When base class is derived from more than one derived class then that type of inheritance is called hierarchical inheritance.
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Super Class/Parent Class
Sub Class1/Child Class1 Sub Class2/Child Class2 Sub Class3/Child Class3
Syntax :
class Superclass-name:
//methods and fields
class Subclass1-name(Superclass-name ):
//methods and fields
class Subclass2-name (Superclass-name):
//methods and fields
class Subclass3-name (Superclass-name):
//methods and fields
⮚ Multiple Inheritance :
When a class inhertis more than one class we can call it multiple inheritance.
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Super Class/Parent Class
Syntax :
class Superclass-name:
//methods and fields
class Superclass-name1:
//methods and fields
Super Class/Parent Class
Sub Class2/Child Class2
class Subclass1-name (Superclass-name, Superclass-name1):
//methods and fields
⮚ Hybrid Inheritance :
It is the combination of single ,multiple and multilevel inheritance is called Hybrid Inheritance.
Demand of Inheritance :
⮚ It helps in degraded code.
⮚ The most important use is the reusability of code.The code that is present in the parent class does not need to be written in the kid class. ⮚ It enhances readability of code.
⮚ Implementation of code is productive.
⮚ To achieve runtime polymorphism through method overriding. Benefits of inheritance :
⮚ Software Reusability :
The child class directly used the methods written in parent class.Thus in object oriented programming methods can be written formely and can be reused.
⮚ Minimize the measure of duplicate code in an application:
If duplicate code (variable and methods) exists in two related classes, we can refactored that hierarchy by repositioning that common code up to the common superclass.
⮚ Code more flexible change :
Inheritance can also make application code more elastic to change because classes that inherit from a common superclass can be used interchangeably. If the return type of a method is superclass.Also time consuming task.
⮚ Cost effective:
Inheritance provides a clear model structure which is easy to understand and leads to less development and maintainance costs.
⮚ Security :
Inheritance base class can decide to keep some data private so that it can’t be altered by the derived class.
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Costs of inheritance :
⮚ Inheritance decreases the implementation speed due to the increased time and effort it takes the program to jump through all the levels of overloaded classes.
⮚ Inheritance makes the two classes (base and derived class)get tightly coupled. This means one cannot be used singly.
⮚ The changes made in the parent class will affect the address of child class too.
⮚ The overuse of inheritance makes the program more complicated. ⮚ Due to overuse of inheritance the program difficulty gets increased. In order to understand the control flow of the program.
Author:-
Dipali Shinkar
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