Introduction to JIGS AND FIXTURES (PART-A) –
Jigs and fixtures are fabricating devices utilized to precisely make copy and exchangeable items or parts.
Jigs and fixtures are exceptionally intended for the enormous number creation or machined indistinguishably, and to guarantee compatibility of parts. Learn more at AutoCAD Classes in Pune.
JIGS –
It is a work-holding gadget that hold, uphold and find the work piece and guides the cutting device for a particular activity. Jig are usually fitted with hardened steel bushings for guiding or other cutting tools. It is a is a type of tool used to control the location and motion of another tool. A device that can do both functions it will be holding the work pieces and guiding a tool know as jig. A jig’s basic function of it that is to provide interchangeability, accuracy, repeatability, and in the manufacturing of products.
Example : When AutoCAD Training in Pune created duplicated KEY, the original one we can use as JIG, so the new key having same path as per old key that is known as JIg.
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BORING JIG –
FIXTURES –
The fixture is a work-holding device, which is holds, supports, and locates the working object for any specific operation but it does not guide the cutting tool. It provides only a reference to the surface or device. It is making unique fixture that can each is built to fit every part or particular part or shape. The principle motivation behind an apparatus is to find and sometimes hold the work piece during the machining system provides only a reference surface or a device. Read more at AutoCAD Course in Pune.
Ex. Vises & Chuck –
A Vise Jaw Fixture –
HOW DO JIGS AND FIXTURES DIFFER –
| JIGS | FIXTURES |
| 1. It is a work-holding gadget that hold, uphold and find the work piece and guides the cutting instrument for a particular activity. | 1. The fixture is a work-holding device, which is holds, supports, and locates the working object for any specific operation but it does not guide the cutting tool. |
| 2. Jigs are not clamped to the drill press table unless large diameters are to be drilled and there is a necessity to move the jig to bring one each bush directly under the drill. | 2. Fixtures should be securely clamped to the table of the machine upon which the work is done. |
| 3. The jigs are specially designed for multiple operations like drilling, reaming, tapping, and boring. | 3. Fixtures are specially designed tools it is used for particularly in milling machines, shapers, and slotting machines. |
| 4. In this Jig Gauge blocks are not necessary. | 4. in this fixture Gauge blocks may be provided for effective handling. |
| 5. weight of jig is lighter than construction of fixture. | 5. weight of fixture Heavier in construction than jig |
Advantages of Jigs and Fixtures –
PRODUCTIVITY:
expands the usefulness by dispensing with the singular stamping, situating and successive checking .The activity’s time is additionally decreased because of speed up, feed and profundity of cut because of high clamping rigidity.
INTERCHANGEABILITY AND QUALITY:
Jigs and fixtures are facilitated to the production of article’s in large quantities with high degree of accuracy, quality, and interchangeability at a competitive market of costing
SKILL REDUCTION:
There is no need for skillful setting of work on tool. Jigs and fixtures makes conceivable to utilize incompetent or semi-Skilled machine administrator to make reserve funds in labor cost.
COST REDUCTION:
Higher creation, decrease in piece, simple gathering and reserve funds in labor cost brings about extreme decrease in unit cost.
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FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF JIGS AND FIXTURES DESIGN –
Locating points: Good facilities should be provided for locating the work. The article to be machined should be handily embedded and immediately taken out from the dance so that no time is squandered in setting the workpiece in positions to perform operations. The positions of the work piece should be accurate with respect to tool guiding in the jig or setting elements in the fixture.
FOOL PROOF:
The design of jigs and fixtures ought to be to such an extent that it would not allow the work piece or the instrument to embed in any position other than the right one.
REDUCTION OF IDLE TIME:
Design of jigs and fixtures it’s a process, loading, clamping and unloading time of the work piece to takes minimum as far as possible.
WEIGHT OF JIGS AND FIXTURES:
It ought to be not difficult to deal with, more modest in size and minimal expense as to measure of material utilized without forfeiting unbending nature and solidness.
JIGS PROVIDED WITH FEET:
Jigs in some cases are give feet with the goal that it may very well be set on the table of the machine.
MATERIALS FOR JIGS AND FIXTURES:
For the most part solidified materials to stay away from successive harm and to oppose wear.
Example MS, CAST Iron, Diesteel, CS, HSS.
CLAMPING DEVICE:
It ought to be just about as basic as conceivable without forfeiting viability. The strength of the clamp is not only to hold the workpiece firmly in place but also to take the strain of the cutting tool without springing designing the jigs and fixture.
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ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF JIGS AND FIXTURES –
REDUCTION OF IDLE TIME –
It should be easy for clamping and unloading such that its actual idle time will be minimum.
CLEANLINESS OF MACHINING PROCESS –
Configuration should be to such an extent that not should time is squandered in the cleaning scarfs, burrs, chips, and so forth.
REPLACEABLE PART OR STANDARDIZATION –
The locating and supporting surfaces should be replaceable, & standardized so that their interchangeable of manufacture requirement is possible.
PROVISION FOR COOLANT –
Arrangement ought to be there so the device is cooled and the scarfs and chips are washed away.
HARDENED SURFACE –
All finding and supporting surfaces ought to be solidified materials to the extent conditions grant so they are not immediately exhausted and precision is held for quite a while.
INSERTS AND PADS –
Should always be reverted to those faces of the clamps which will come in contact with finished surfaces of the work piece so that they are not spoiled.
FOOL –PROOFING –
Pins and some other devices of simple nature are incorporated in such a position that they will always spoil the placement of the component.
ECONOMIC SOUNDNESS –
Equipment should be economically sound cost of design and manufacture should be in proportion to the quantity and price for producer.
EASY MANIPULATION –
It should be as light in weight as possible and easy to handle so that worker not subjected to fatigue, should provide with adequate lift aids.
INITIAL LOCATION –
It should be ensured that workpiece is not located more than 3 points or place in any one plane test to avoid operation i.e. rocking, spring loading should be done.
POSITION OF CLAMPS –
Clamping should occur directly above the points to supporting the workpiece & to avoid distortion and springing.
CLEARANCE –
Sufficient amount of clearance should be provided around the work so that the operator’s hands can easily enter the body for placing the work piece and variations of work can be accommodated.
EJECTING DEVICES –
Proper ejecting devices should be incorporated in the body to push the workpiece out after operations.
RIGIDITY AND STABILITY –
It should remain perfectly rigid and stable during operations. Arrangements ought to be made for legitimate situating and unbendingly holding the dances and apparatuses.
SAFETY –
The design should assure the perfect safety of an operator.
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