Top 30 Interview Questions on AWS 2024
Master key concepts in Amazon Web Services, demonstrate your expertise and confidently navigate your AWS job interview. Here are Top 30 Interview Questions on AWS 2024.
Q1. What is AWS?
Ans:
Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a cloud computing platform provided by Amazon, offering a wide range of services like computing power, storage, and databases over the internet.
Q2. Explain the global infrastructure of AWS.
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AWS has a global network of data centers called Regions, each containing multiple isolated locations called Availability Zones. Regions are geographically distributed, providing redundancy and fault tolerance.
Q3 What is the significance of Regions and Availability Zones?
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Regions are separate geographic areas, and Availability Zones are isolated data centers within a region. They provide low-latency and high availability options for hosting applications and data.
Q4. Differentiate between EC2 and S3.
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EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) is a service for scalable computing capacity, while S3 (Simple Storage Service) is an object storage service for storing and retrieving data.
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Q5. Explain the key components of EC2.
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Key components include instances (virtual servers), Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), instance types, and security groups.
Q6. What is an Amazon Machine Image (AMI)?
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An AMI is a pre-configured template used to create instances. It contains the necessary information to launch an EC2 instance.
Q7. What is an instance type, and how do you choose one?
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Instance types define the virtual hardware of an EC2 instance. Choose one based on your application’s requirements for CPU, memory, storage, and network capacity.
Q8. Describe the process of launching an EC2 instance.
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To launch an EC2 instance, you choose an AMI, select an instance type, configure networking and security, and then launch the instance.
Q9. What is S3 and its primary use cases?
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S3 is a scalable object storage service used for storing and retrieving any amount of data. Use cases include data backup, archival, and serving static website content.
Q10. Explain the difference between S3, EBS, and EFS.
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S3 is object storage, EBS (Elastic Block Store) provides block-level storage for EC2 instances, and EFS (Elastic File System) is a scalable file storage service.
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Q11. What are the storage classes in Amazon S3?
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S3 offers storage classes like Standard, Intelligent-Tiering, Glacier, and Deep Archive, each designed for different use cases and access patterns.
Q12. What is IAM and what are its core components?
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IAM is AWS’s Identity and Access Management service. Core components include users, groups, roles, policies, and the IAM dashboard.
Q13. How do you grant permissions to an IAM user?
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Permissions are granted through policies attached to IAM users, either directly or through groups. Policies define what actions are allowed or denied.
Q14. What is the difference between IAM roles and IAM users?
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IAM users represent individuals and are associated with credentials. IAM roles are meant for AWS resources and are assumed by users, services, or EC2 instances.
Q15. What is VPC and why is it used?
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A VPC is a logically isolated section of the AWS Cloud where you can launch AWS resources. It provides control over network settings, including IP address range, subnets, and security groups.
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Q16. Explain the components of VPC.
Ans:
VPC components include subnets, route tables, internet gateways, NAT gateways, and security groups. These elements help define the network architecture within a VPC.
Q17. How does security work in a VPC?
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Security in a VPC is controlled through security groups and network access control lists (NACLs), specifying inbound and outbound traffic rules.
Q18. What is Route 53, and how is it used?
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Route 53 is a scalable domain name system (DNS) web service. It translates user-friendly domain names into IP addresses to route internet traffic.
Q19. What is the purpose of a hosted zone?
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A hosted zone is a container for DNS records, representing a collection of resource records for a domain. It is used to manage domain names and associate them with AWS resources.
Q20. What is RDS, and how is it different from DynamoDB?
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RDS is a managed relational database service, while DynamoDB is a managed NoSQL database service. RDS supports relational databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.
Q21. Explain the concept of Multi-AZ deployments in RDS.
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Multi-AZ deployments involve replicating the primary database to a standby instance in a different Availability Zone to enhance high availability and automatic failover.
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Q22. What is AWS Lambda, and what are its use cases?
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AWS Lambda is a serverless computing service. It allows you to run code without provisioning or managing servers. Use cases include event-driven applications and automated tasks.
Q23. How does AWS Lambda differ from EC2?
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Lambda is serverless and automatically scales based on demand, while EC2 instances require manual scaling and management.
Q24. What is Amazon CloudWatch, and why is it used?
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CloudWatch is a monitoring service that provides real-time insights into AWS resources and applications. It helps in collecting and tracking metrics, setting alarms, and monitoring log files.
Q25. Explain the difference between Amazon CloudWatch and AWS CloudTrail.
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CloudWatch is for monitoring and managing AWS resources, while CloudTrail is for logging and auditing AWS account activity.
Q26. What is Auto Scaling, and why is it important?
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Auto Scaling automatically adjusts the number of instances in a fleet based on demand, ensuring availability and cost optimization.
Q27. How do you configure Auto Scaling in AWS?
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Configure Auto Scaling by defining launch configurations, setting up Auto Scaling groups, and specifying scaling policies based on metrics.
Q28. What is Elastic Load Balancing, and how does it work?
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Elastic Load Balancing distributes incoming application or network traffic across multiple targets (such as EC2 instances), ensuring fault tolerance and high availability.
Q29. What are SNS and SQS, and how do they differ?
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SNS is a pub/sub messaging service allowing applications to send messages to multiple recipients. SQS is a message queuing service that decouples the components of a cloud application.
Q30. How can you trigger an AWS Lambda function using SNS?
Ans:
Configure an SNS topic as an event source for Lambda. When a message is published to the topic, the Lambda function is triggered.
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Abhijeet Dahatonde
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