What is HTML
HTML is an acronym which stands for HyperText Markup Language which is used for creating web pages and web applications. Let’s see what is meant by Hypertext Markup Language, and a Web page.
HyperText: hypertext merely suggests that “Text among Text.” A text has a link within it, is a hypertext. Whenever you click on a link that brings you to a brand new webpage, you have clicked on a hypertext. HyperText may be a thanks to link 2 or a lot of web content (HTML documents) with one another.
Markup language: A nomenclature may be a machine language that’s accustomed apply layout and data format conventions to a text document. Markup language makes the text a lot of interactive and dynamic. It will flip text into pictures, tables, links, etc.
Web Page: an online page may be a document that is usually written in hypertext markup language and translated by an online browser. A web page can be identified by entering a URL. A Web page may be of the static or dynamic sort. With the assistance of hypertext markup language solely, we can create static web pages.
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Hence, hypertext markup language may be a nomenclature that is employed for making enticing web content with the assistance of styling, and which looks in a nice format on a web browser. An hypertext markup language document is formed of the many hypertext markup language tags and every hypertext markup language tag contains completely different content.
Let’s see a simple example of HTML.
<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<head>
<title>Web page title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Write Your First Heading</h1>
<p>Write Your First Paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
Description of HTML Example
<!DOCTYPE>: It defines the document type or it instructs the browser about the version of HTML.
<html > :This tag informs the browser that it is an HTML document. Text between html tag describes the web document. It is an instrumentality for all the different components of hypertext markup language except <!DOCTYPE>
<head>: It should be the first element inside the <html> element, which contains the metadata(information about the document). It should be closed before the body tag opens.
<title>: As its name suggests, it is used to add the title of that HTML page which appears at the top of the browser window. It should be placed within the top tag and may shut forthwith. (Optional)
<body> : Text between body tag describes the body content of the page that is visible to the end user. This tag contains the main content of the HTML document.
<h1> : Text between tag describes the first level heading of the webpage.
<p> : Text between tag describes the paragraph of the webpage.
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A Brief History of HTML
In the late Nineteen Eighties, a physicist, Tim Berners-Lee, who was a contractor at CERN, proposed a system for CERN researchers. In 1989, he wrote a memoranda proposing AN internet-based object-oriented database management system.
Tim Berners-Lee is known as the father of HTML. The first out there description of hypertext markup language was a document referred to as “HTML Tags” projected by Tim in late 1991. The latest version of HTML is HTML5, which we will learn later in this tutorial.
HTML Versions
Since HTML was invented there are lots of HTML versions in the market, the brief introduction about the HTML version is given below:
HTML 1.0: The first version of HTML was 1.0, which was the barebones version of HTML language, and it was released in1991.
HTML 2.0: This was future version that was free in 1995, and it was standard language version for website design. HTML 2.0 was able to support further options like form-based file transfer, form elements such as text boxes, option buttons, etc.
HTML 3.2: HTML 3.2 version was printed by W3C in early 1997. This version was capable of making tables and providing support for further choices for type components. It can also support a web page with complex mathematical equations. It became an officer customary for any browser until January 1997. Today it is practically supported by most of the browsers.
HTML 4.01: HTML 4.01 version was free on the Gregorian calendar month 1999, and it is a very stable version of HTML language. This version is the current official standard, and it provides added support for stylesheets (CSS) and scripting ability for various multimedia elements.
HTML5 : HTML5 is the newest version of HyperText Markup language. The first draft of this version was announced in January 2008. There are two major organizations one is W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), and another one is WHATWG( Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group) which are involved in the development of hypertext markup language five version, and still, it is under development.
Features of HTML
1) it’s a really straightforward and straightforward language. It can be easily understood and modified.
2) it’s terribly straightforward to create an efficient presentation with hypertext markup language as a result of it’s tons of data format tags.
3) it’s nomenclature, so it provides a flexible way to design web pages along with the text.
4) It facilitates programmers to add a link on the web pages (by Html anchor tag), so it enhances the interest of browsing of the user.
5) it’s platform-independent as a result of it may be displayed on any platform like Windows, Linux, and Macintosh, etc.
6) It facilitates the computer programmer to feature Graphics, Videos, and Sound to the net pages that makes it a lot of enticing and interactive.
7) HTML is a case-insensitive language, which means we can use tags either in lower-case or upper-case.
NOTE: It is recommended to write all tags in lower-case for consistency, readability, etc.
“.htm” and “.html” redirect here. For other uses, see HTM.
For the employment of markup language on Wikipedia, see Help: markup language in wikitext.
Hypertext terminology (HTML) is that the commonplace terminology for documents designed to be displayed in a browser. It is motor-assisted by technologies like Cascading Vogue Sheets (CSS) and scripting languages like JavaScript.
Web browsers receive markup language documents from an internet server or from native storage and render the documents into multimedia system sites. HTML describes the structure of an internet page semantically and originally enclosed cues for the looks of the document.
HTML components square measure the building blocks of markup language pages. HTML provides a way to form structured documents by denoting structural linguistics for text like headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and alternative things. HTML components square measure described by tags, written mistreatment angle brackets. Tags such as name= ” attr_value” content
Elements: Associate in Nursing markup language component is a personal element of Associate in Nursing markup language file. In Associate in Nursing markup language file, everything written within tags are termed as HTML elements.
HTML Building blocks
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><br>
<head><br>
<title>The basic building blocks of HTML</title><br>
</head><br>
<body><br>
The building blocks
This is a paragraph tag
The style is attribute of paragraph tag
The element contains tag, attribute and content
</body><br>
</html><br>
Output:
The building blocks
This is a paragraph tag
The style is the attribute of the paragraph tag
The element contains a tag, attribute and content
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HTML Tags
HTML tags square measure like keywords that outline however an internet browser can format and show the content. With the help of tags, a web browser can distinguish between HTML content and a simple content. HTML tags contain 3 main parts: gap tag, content and closing tag. But some HTML tags are
unclosed tags.
When an internet browser reads Associate in Nursing markup language document, the browser reads it from top to bottom and left to right. HTML tags square measure accustomed produce markup language documents and render their properties. Each HTML tags have different properties.
An HTML file must have some essential tags so that the web browser can differentiate between a simple text and HTML text. You can use as several tags you wish as per your code demand.
All markup language tags should encircled among < > these brackets.
Every tag in HTML performs different tasks.
If you have used an open tag , then you must use a close tag (except some tags)
Syntax
content
HTML Tag Examples
Note: markup language Tags square measure continuously written in small letters. The basic HTML tags are given below:
Paragraph Tag
Heading Tag
Bold Tag
Italic Tag
Underline Tag
Unclosed HTML Tags
Some markup language tags aren’t closed, for example, br and hr.
Tag: br stands for brake line, it breaks the line of the code.
Tag: hr stands for Horizontal Rule.
HTML Meta Tags
DOCTYPE, title, link, meta and style
HTML Text Tags
HTML Evolution.
What Differs Between HTML and HTML5?
Since the primary days, markup language has undergone an out of this world evolution. W3C perpetually publish new versions and updates, whereas historical milestones get dedicated names in addition.
HTML4 (these days usually brought up as “HTML”) was revealed in 1999, whereas the most recent major version come in 2014. Named HTML5, the update has introduced many new features to the language.
One of the foremost anticipated options of HTML5 is native support for audio and video embedding. Instead of using the Flash player, we can simply embed videos and audio files to our web pages using the new and tags. It also includes in-built support for scalable vector graphics (SVG) and MathML for mathematical and scientific formulas.
HTML5 introduced a few semantic improvements as well. The new linguistics tags inform browsers regarding that means of content, that edges each reader and search engines.
The most popular semantic tags are , <header></header>, and . To find a more unique differences, consider checking our in-depth HTML and HTML5 comparison.
Pros and Cons of HTML
Like most things, markup language comes with a couple of strengths and limitations.
Pros:
A widely used language with plenty of resources and an enormous community behind.
- Runs natively in every web browser.
- Comes with a flat learning curve.
- Open-source and completely free.
- Clean and consistent markup.
- The official web standards are maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
- Easily integrable with backend languages like PHP and Node.js.
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Cons:
Mostly used for static web pages. For dynamic practicality, you’ll have to be compelled to use JavaScript or a backend language like PHP.
It does not allow the user to implement logic.. headers and footers.
Some browsers adopt new features slowly.
Browser behaviour is sometimes hard to predict (e.g. older browsers don’t always render newer tags).
How are HTML, CSS, and JavaScript related?
While markup language may be a powerful language, it isn’t enough to build a professional and fully responsive website. We can solely use it to feature text components and build the structure of the content.
Together, they’ll deliver the goods made user expertise and implement advanced functions.
CSS is to blame for stylings like background, colours, layouts, spacing, and animations.
JavaScript enables you to add dynamic practicality like sliders, pop-ups, and photo galleries.
Think of markup language as an unadorned person, CSS as the clothing, and JavaScript as movements and manner.
So…What is HTML?
HTML is the main terminology of the net. It runs natively in every browser and is maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium.
You can use it to create the content structure of websites and web applications.
It’s the lowest level of frontend technologies, that serves as the basis for styling you can add with CSS and functionality you can implement using JavaScript.
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